Europese Commissie beboet producenten badkamermeubelen wegens prijskartel (en)
The European Commission has fined 17 bathroom equipment manufacturers a total of € 622 250 783 for a price fixing cartel covering six EU countries. A large number of household names are among the 17 undertakings fined: Artweger, Cisal, Dornbracht, Duravit, Duscholux, Grohe, Hansa, Ideal Standard, Kludi, Mamoli, Masco, Roca, RAF, Sanitec, Teorema, Villeroy & Boch and Zucchetti. The 12 year cartel covered ceramics such as sinks, baths, taps, and fittings. Masco received full immunity from fines under the Commission’s Leniency Programme, as it was the first to provide information about the cartel. The fines of five undertakings were reduced because of their likely inability to pay the fine given their financial situation.
"These 17 companies fixed prices for baths, sinks, taps and other bathroom fittings for 12 years in six countries covering 240 million people. The cartel will have harmed businesses such as builders and plumbers and, ultimately, a large number of families. However, as the objective of anti-cartel enforcement is not to precipitate the fall of companies in financial difficulties, the Commission reduced the fines on five companies to a level they could afford. Companies should be in no doubt that the Commission will continue its fight on cartels and the level of fines will continue to be such that it should dissuade them from engaging in illegal behaviour in the first place,” said Joaquín Almunia, Commission Vice President and Competition Commissioner.
The Commission decision shows that between 1992 and 2004, 17 companies coordinated the sales price for bathroom fixtures and fittings in Germany, Austria, Italy, Belgium, France and The Netherlands. The coordination took place during meetings of 13 national trade associations in Germany (over 100 meetings), Austria (over 80), Italy (65), and also Belgium, France and The Netherlands, and in bilateral contacts. It consisted of fixing price increases, minimum prices, and rebates, and exchanging sensitive business information.
The practices are very serious infringements of the EU competition rules and prohibited by Article 101 of the EU Treaty.
In setting the fines, the Commission took into account the affected sales of the companies involved, the very serious nature of the infringement and its long duration.
The fines are as follows:
Name and location of undertaking |
Fine* (€) |
Included reduction under the Leniency Notice (%) |
Artweger (AT) |
2 787 015 |
|
Cisal (IT) |
1 196 269 |
|
Dornbracht (DE) |
12 517 671 |
|
Duravit (DE) |
29 266 325 |
|
Duscholux (AT) |
1 659 681 |
|
Grohe (DE) |
54 825 260 |
30% |
Hansa (DE) |
14 758 220 |
|
Ideal Standard (US) |
326 091 196 |
30% |
Kludi (DE) |
5 515 445 |
|
Mamoli (IT) |
1 041 531 |
|
Masco (US) |
0 |
100% |
RAF (IT) |
253 600 |
|
Roca (ES) |
38 700 000 |
|
Sanitec (SU) |
57 690 000 |
|
Teorema (IT) |
421 569 |
|
V&B (DE) |
71 531 000 |
|
Zucchetti (IT) |
3 996 000 |
|
TOTAL |
622 250 783 |
(*) Legal entities within the undertaking may be held jointly and severally liable for the whole or part of the fine imposed.
Masco, a US company whose main subsidiaries are Hansgrohe and Hüppe, got full immunity under the Leniency Programme as it was the first to provide information about the cartel to the Commission.
The Commission also took into account the cooperation of Grohe of Germany and Ideal Standard of the US and reduced their fines by 30 %.
More exceptionally, the fines of three companies were reduced by 50% and those of another two by 25% given their difficult financial situation. A total of ten companies claimed they would be unable to pay a fine: to assess their claims, the Commission looked at recent financial statements, provisional current year statements and future projections, several financial ratios that measure a company’s solidity, profitability, solvency and liquidity, and relations with banks and shareholders. The Commission also looked at the social and economic context of each company. Finally, the Commission assessed whether the companies' assets would be likely to lose significant value if the companies were to be forced into liquidation as a result of the fine. The analysis is company-specific and aims to be as objective and quantifiable as possible to ensure equal treatment and preserve the deterrence aspect of EU competition rules.
Reduced Scope of Decision
As is common, the duration of the infringement and the number of addressees of the decision were reduced during the investigation. The Commission originally considered the cartel began in 1985. However, following the parties' replies to the statement of objections, the Commission set the start at 1992. Similarly, the Commission dropped its objections against two companies after they demonstrated that the evidence against them did not prove their participation.
Background
Companies that inform the Commission about a cartel and/or cooperate in the investigation can benefit from immunity/reduction of fines under the 2002 Leniency Programme (see IP/02/247 and MEMO/02/23). More information on the 2006 Fines Guidelines can be read in IP/06/857 and MEMO/06/256
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Any person or firm affected by anti-competitive behaviour as described in this case may bring the matter before the courts of the Member States and seek damages. The case law of the Court and Council Regulation 1/2003 both confirm that in cases before national courts, a Commission decision is binding proof that the behaviour took place and was illegal. Even though the Commission has fined the companies concerned, damages may be awarded without these being reduced on account of the Commission fine. A White Paper on antitrust damages actions has been published (see IP/08/515 and MEMO/08/216
The cartel decision will be published in the Commission's competition website once a non-confidential will become available: